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One unusual aspect of the U.S. presence was The Exhibit of American Negroes at the Palace of Social Economy, a joint project of Daniel Murray, the Assistant Librarian of Congress, Thomas J. Calloway, a lawyer and the primary organizer of the exhibit, and W. E. B. [37], The Exposition had several large theatres and music halls, the largest of which was the Palais des Ftes, which had fifteen thousand seats, and offered programs of music, ballet, historical recreations and diverse spectacles. [14] The facade of the Palace and the Water Castle, across from it, were lit by an additional 7,200 incandescent lamps and seventeen arc lamps. [50] The deficit was to a degree offset by the long-term additions to the city infrastructure; new buildings and bridges, including the Grand and Petit Palais, the Pont Alexander III and the Passerelle Debilly; and additions to the transport system; The Paris Mtro, the funicular railway on Montmartre, and two new train stations, the Gare d'Orsay and the Gare des Invalides, and the new facade and enlargement and redecoration of the Gare de Lyon and other stations. Forty thousand visitors an hour could pass beneath the arch to approach the twenty-six ticket booths. Retrieved from: Srpskohrvatski / , Mexico at the 1900 Universal Exhibition in Paris, Exposition universelle internationale de 1900 Paris. Its cupola displayed agricultural produce and hunting equipment. Egypt, also with an own pavilion, participated as part of Turkey. The work of the most famous Art Nouveau poster artist, Alfons Mucha, had many forms at the Exposition. [15][9] Visitors could go inside to see the steam-powered generators which provided electricity for the buildings of the Exposition. It also appeared in the interior decoration of many popular restaurants, notably the Pavillon Bleu at the Exposition, Maxim's, and the Le Train Bleu restaurant of the Gare de Lyon,[54] and in the portal of the Palace of National Manufacturers made by the Svres Porcelain Manufactory. The architect of the monument overall was Ren Binet, although many others contributed to the constituent parts. Additionally, it showcased France as a major colonial power through numerous pavilions built on the hill of the Trocadro Palace. However, there were unplanned expenses of 22 million Francs for the French State, and 6 million Francs for the City of Paris, bringing the total cost to 147 million Francs, or a deficit of 21 million Francs. He also built the Chinese Pavilion whose wooden panelling was sculpted in Shanghai. This page was last edited on 20 July 2022, at 07:30. [37] There were also several recreations depicting picturesque or touristic regions of France, including exhibitions from Provence, Bretagne, Poitou, Berry and Auvergne, using their pre-revolutionary provincial names rather than their departments. It was designed by a French architect, Adrien-Ren Dubuisson, and was a mixture of copies of Islamic architecture from mosques in Istanbul and elsewhere in the Ottoman Empire. Another very popular feature of the Palace of Optics was the giant kaleidoscope, which attracted three million visitors. [5], The site of the Exposition covered 112 hectares (280 acres) along the left and right banks of the Seine from the esplanade of Les Invalides to the Eiffel Tower (built for the 1889 Exposition) at the Champ de Mars. The spectators sat in the center above the projectors, in what resembled the basket suspended beneath a large balloon. The more modern interior iron framework, huge skylights and stairways offered decorative elements in the new Art Nouveau style,[9] particularly in the railings of the staircase, which were intricately woven in fluid, organic forms. In the years after the Exposition, La Ruche served as the temporary studio and home of dozens of young artists and writers including Marc Chagall, Henri Matisse, Amedeo Modigliani, Fernand Lger and the poet Guillaume Apollinaire. It also included the Grand Palais and Petit Palais on the right bank. To resolve the matter, the concessionaires were given a fractional refund of the rent they had paid.[2]. This is a three-story building constructed entirely out of bits and pieces of Exposition buildings, purchased at auctions by sculptor Alfred Boucher. The Russian pavilion, designed by Robert Meltzer, was inspired by the towers of the Kremlin and had exhibits and architecture presenting artistic treasures from Samarkand, Bukhara and other Russian dependencies in Central Asia. The Palace of Electricity was built partly incorporating architectural elements of the old Palace of the Champ de Mars from the 1889 Exposition. Many Parisians had invested money in shares sold to raise money for the event and therefore lost their investment. Most were removed not long after the Exposition, but two original edicules remain. Another scientific attraction was the aquarium, the largest in the world at the time, viewed from an underground gallery 722 metres (2,369ft) long. [17] The Palais d'Antin, or west wing, housed the Exposition centennale de l'art franais de 1800 1889. [2], The dancer Loie Fuller had her own theater in Paris during the 1900 Exposition. [48], The cost of an admission ticket was one Franc. [31], A Decauville electric train followed the same route, running at an average speed of 17 kilometres per hour (11mph) in the opposite direction of the moving sidewalk. At the base of the pedestals are allegorical statues representing the France of Charlemagne, the France of the Renaissance, the France of Louis XIV and France in 1900. [24], Sweden's yellow and red structure covered in pine shingles drew attention with its bright colours. Many of the buildings were unfinished when the Exposition opened, and most were demolished immediately after it closed. [25], Pavilion of China by Louis Masson-Dtourbet, Pavilion of Morocco by Henri-Jules Saladin. [34], An even more ambitious experiment in motion pictures was the Cinorama of Raoul Grimoin Sanson, which simulated a voyage in a balloon. [25], The French colonies of Indochina, Tonkin and Cambodia also had an impressive presence, with recreations of pagodas and palaces, musicians and dancers, and a recreation of a riverside village from Laos.[25]. It was a French-produced attraction that had no relation with the official representation of Spain at the Fair. These pavilions featured traditional architecture of the countries and displays of local products mixed with modern electric lighting, motion pictures, dioramas, and guides, soldiers, and musicians in local costumes. The Art Nouveau style was very popular in the pavilions of decorative arts. Though many of the buildings were not finished, the Exposition was opened on 14 April 1900 by President mile Loubet. The Exposition had numerous critics from different points of view. Major structures built for the Exposition include the Grand Palais, the Petit Palais, the Pont Alexandre III, the Gare d'Orsay railroad station and the entrances of Paris Mtro stations by Hector Guimard; all of them remaining today, including two original entrances by Guimard. The play ended with a memorable death scene; according to one critic, she died "as dying angels would die if they were allowed to. It was largely used for receptions for important visitors to the Exposition. [36], Le Vieux Paris (transl. Paris exposition, A Meeting in the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exposition_Universelle_(1900)&oldid=1099340118, Wikipedia articles needing more precise page number citations from April 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Each thematic pavilion was divided into national sections, which were the responsibility of the corresponding country and where its exhibitors were located. It was a 2.5 kilometres (1.6mi) long circular route connecting the recently opened Porte de Vincennes metro station with Lac Daumesnil. The workers frieze was preserved by the head of the ceramics firm that made it, mile Mller, and moved to what is now Parc Mller in the town of Breuillet, Essonne. At the ends, the bridge was supported by four massive stone pylons 13 metres (43ft) high, decorated with statues of the Renomes (The Renowned), female figures with trumpets, and gilded statues of the horse Pegasus. [46] The pigeon race was won by a bird which flew from Paris to its home in Lyon in four and a half hours. [16] The facade was in the ornate Beaux-Arts style or Neo-Baroque style. The goal of the exhibition was to demonstrate progress and commemorate the lives of African Americans at the turn of the century. [25], The Chinese pavilion, designed by Louis Masson-Dtourbet, was in the form of a Buddhist temple with staff in Chinese traditional dress. A large area within the Bois de Vincennes was set aside for sporting events, which included, among others, many of the events of the 1900 Summer Olympics. L'Art Nouveau (in French). Producing the light for the Exposition consumed 200,000 kilograms (440,000lb) of oil an hour. Many international congresses and other events were held in Paris in 1900 within the framework of the Exposition. Spectators seated in armchairs inside watched a presentation on the stars and planets projected overhead. 3,156 grand prizes were handed out, 8,889 gold medals, 13,300 silver medals, 12,108 bronze medals, and 8,422 honorable mentions. The sporting events rarely used the term of "Olympic". It was a gigantic ferris wheel 110 metres (360ft) high, which took its name from a similar wheel created by George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago. Each country paid for its own pavilion. [51], The Exposition was a showcase not only of French Art Nouveau, but also the variations that had appeared in other parts of Europe, including the furniture of the Belgian architect and designer Victor Horta, designs of the German Jugendstil by Bruno Mhring, and of the Vienna Secession of Otto Wagner. A 2.87 metres (9ft 5in) copy of the Statue of Liberty by Frdric Auguste Bartholdi exhibited at the Fair, was placed in the Luxembourg Gardens in 1905 at the request of his widow. [25], The North African French colonies were especially present; The Tunisian pavilion was a miniature recreation of the Sidi Mahrez Mosque of Tunis. [2] She was filmed on ten 70mm projectors that created a 330-degree picture, patented by Cinorama. After the Exposition it was moved to the wall of Square Felix-Dsroulles, next to the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prs, where it can be seen today.[20]. (2006), "Art Nouveau", Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. The pavilions of the Austro-Hungarian domains in the Balkans, Bosnia and Herzegovina, offered displays on their lifestyles, consisting of folklore traditions, highlighting peasanthood and the embroidery goods produced in the country. One of the largest and most ornate was the Palais des Manufactures Nationale, whose facade included a colorful ceramic gateway, designed by sculptor Jules Coutan and architect Charles Risler and made by the Svres Porcelain manufactory. [59] La Porte Monumental is considered to be a structure of the Salammb style and 'the most typically 1900 monument of the entire exhibition'. The Exposition Universelle of 1900, better known in English as the 1900 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held in Paris, France, from 14 April to 12 November 1900, to celebrate the achievements of the past century and to accelerate development into the next. The Palais des Illusions created a show of optical illusions with mirrors and lighting effects. Many international congresses and other events were held within the framework of the Exposition, including the 1900 Summer Olympics. [52], Many Exposition posters also made use of the Art Nouveau style. Round about Paris. [18], The Petit Palais, that is facing the Grand Palais, was designed by Charles Girault. The Art Nouveau ("New Art") style began to appear in Belgium and France in the 1880s and became fashionable in Europe and the United States during the 1890s.